Fwd: WEEK TWO: THE LAWS OF TORTS

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From: Bais HaVaad Halacha Center <info-baishavaad.com@shared1.ccsend.com>
Date: Sun, Apr 26, 2026, 2:00 PM
Subject: WEEK TWO: THE LAWS OF TORTS
To: <agentemes4@gmail.com>

Week 2 Focus: גרמא DEFINING GARMI STEALING A CONDEMNED OX WHAT HAPPENED TO GARMI? DELAYED CAUSATION

Introduction

The Torah concept of mazik applies to someone who actively damages. Causing damage indirectly, a “grama”, is not liable in Bais Din. However, it is forbidden to cause damage even indirectly, and it does carry liability in the “Laws of Heaven”. In addition, certain kinds of indirect damage are classified as a “garmi” and do carry liability in Bais Din.

Points to Ponder

• Can a potential victim of a grama require the perpetrator to remove that possibility before it happens? • How far does the liability for a grama go in respect to the Laws of Heaven: does it even apply to the cause of a cause and so forth? • What are the criteria for causative damages to be defined as a garmi? • May a Jew “work with the authorities” if it will implicate other Jews who may be innocent?

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