A: Rav Moshe Kaufman responds:
The Tur cites a gemara that one should not hold a seudah on Erev Shabbos, as eating too much will minimize one's appetite for seudas Shabbos. The Beis Yosef explains that this is only referring to an elaborate seudah; a regular seudah is allowed. He adds that even so, it is a mitzvah to refrain from any seudah after the ninth hour. This is how it is codified in Shulchan Aruch. The Rema comments that this halachah only applies to a seudah that could possibly be held on a day other than Erev Shabbos. A seudah that cannot be delayed, such as a seudas bris or pidyon haben, may be held on Erev Shabbos. This includes seudas Purim, as it cannot be postponed to a different day.
In Hilchos Purim, the Rema writes that if Purim is on Erev Shabbos, the seudah should be held in the morning, in deference to Shabbos. The Mishnah Berurah explains that this means that the seudah should be held before chatzos (1:00 p.m. Chicago time), as the Rema writes elsewhere. The Aruch Hashulchan maintains that it is sufficient to wash and start the seuda before chatzos. He then cites the Yad Ephraim in the name of the Maharil, who says that it may be held until the tenth hour of the day (3:55 p.m. Chicago time). One who does start the seudah then should preferably daven minchah first.
Each approach has its challenges. The Ketzos HaShulchan writes that even if a seudas mitzvah like a bris or pidyon haben may be held before the tenth hour, the Purim seudah should still be held much earlier, as the performance of the mitzvah of "ad delo yada" can create a conflict with Shabbos. He therefore encourages one to have the seudah early in the day. This is the view of most poskim. On the other hand, others are concerned that one who begins the seudah before chatzos might be too drunk to be able to daven minchah. They suggest it is better to daven mincha first and begin the seudah before the tenth hour.
In practice, the preferred times to begin the seudah are as follows: - One should have the seudah, or at least wash before chatzos (1:00 p.m. Chicago time).
- One who cannot begin so early may start the seudah before the tenth hour (3:55 p.m. Chicago time).
- One who did not manage to wash before these times should see below.
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