Pinchas’ Lineage
When Pinchas saw a prince from the tribe of Shimon publicly cavorting with a Midianite princess, he took the law into his own hands. Using his spear, Pinchas killed them both. God praised his act of zealotry, rewarding him with the priesthood.
“Pinchas, the son of Elazar, the son of Aaron the kohen, was the one who zealously took up My cause among the Israelites and turned My anger away from them.” (Num. 25:11)
Why does the Torah need to point out Pinchas’ lineage here? This is particularly puzzling considering that the Torah just identified Pinchas a few verses earlier (25:7).
The Midrash (Sanhedrin 82b) explains that the tribal leaders mocked Pinchas: ‘His maternal grandfather [Jethro] fattened up calves for idolatrous sacrifices — and he had the audacity to murder a prince of Israel!’ Therefore, the Torah publicized Pinchas’ lineage through his father’s side, Aaron the High Priest.
This Midrash requires clarification. Why was it so important to respond to these disparaging comments? Furthermore, what does it help if one of Pinchas’ grandfathers was the high priest - his other grandfather was still a reformed idolater!
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