Aneinu Please Daven

Please daven for Rachel bat Penina the mother of a Chicagoan in need of a yeshua.

ZEVACHIM DAF 39 DAF B'IYUN Maximum and Minimum Ways to Do Mitzvot By Rabbi Shalom Rosner

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MAZEL TOV OU'S NACH YOMI 6TH CYCLE FINISHED MELACHIM(NEVIEM RISHONIM)AND HAS STARTED YESHAYA(1ST NAVI OF NEVIEM ACHRONIM)

Introduction to Sefer Yeshaya A Journey Through Nach Introduction to Isaiah Rabbi Jack Abramowitz SO JOIN RABBI JACK ABRAMOWITZ DR. SHAWN ZELIG ASTER RABBI LEVY AND RABBI LEIBTAG FOR YESHAYA THE 1ST NAVI OF NEVIEM ACHRONIM TODAY.The Milstein Edition of the Later Prophets: Isaiah / Yeshayah.This first volume in the Milstein Edition of the Later Prophets presents the Book of Isaiah as understood by the Sages and the classic commentators — all 66 chapters in one volume — in a way that makes it both accessible and enjoyable to scholar and layman alike. Thanks to the brilliance of the ArtScroll/Mesorah team of scholars and writers — led by Rabbi Nosson Scherman — this translation and commentary provides new dimensions of understanding and beauty. It not only brings the verses alive, it makes them speak to us — in language, in outlook, in aspiration for spiritual growth. This outstanding new work has a wide array of features: •A new English translation, firmly grounded in traditional sources •A commentary culled from classic sources and presented gracefully and literately • An Overview explaining the role of Isaiah in the context of his period and of Jewish history • Newly set, accurate Hebrew text of the Tanach • Newly set Hebrew commentaries of Rashi, Radak, and Metzudos Zion and David, so you can study on many levels • Introductions and explanations of difficult concepts • Lightweight, opaque, acid-free paper with reinforced binding, for decades of use • Gilded page heads • Ribbon place-marker(FROM ARTSCROLL). Newly typeset - Fully menukad - It will transform the way you learn Navi! The best-selling Czuker Edition Mikra'os Gedolos Chumash now continues with an unprecedented Mikra'os Gedolos on Nevi'im. Many mefarshim never before together on the Mikra'os Gedolos page - with many new additions. Every word of every commentary is menukad, with the rashei teivos spelled out The text of every commentary has undergone thorough review and diligent research, based on manuscripts and early printings Each haftarah is marked Full color explanatory maps, charts and illustrations Newly typeset, user-friendly page design Specially milled, acid-free, lightweight opaque paper Incredibly durable, state-of-the-art, reinforced library binding Classic Mikra'os Gedolos commentaries: Targum Yonasan ben Uziel, Rashi, Radak, Rid, Ralbag, Minchas Shai, Biur HaGra, Mezudas David, Mezudas Tzion, Malbim Plus These Additional Commentaries: Mahari Kara, Maharal, Minchah Ketanah, Rishon LeTzion, Chomas Anach, Yesod VeShoresh HaAvodah. New Original Additions Appearing on the Page: Likkutei Shas U'Medrashei HaTannaim - An original comprehensive compilation, citing relevant texts from Talmud Bavli, Yerushalmi,and major Midrashim where a verse is discussed. Baal HaTurim - An original collection of comments by Baal HaTurim on Chumash explaining verses in Nevi'im Sifsei Zekainim - Anthology of classic commentaries explaining Rashi's commentary on neviim.(From Artscroll)

Telshe Please Daven

Rav Chaim Goldzweig needs tefiloes, Chaim Tzvi ben Malka, he is in critical condition after suffering a heart attack.

Aneinu Please Daven Surgery Thursday

Please daven for a Chicagoan, Devorah Esther bas Tzipporah, who is having major surgery tomorrow.

OU TORAH In Depth: Isaiah By Rabbi Menachem Leibtag

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OU TORAH YU TORAH and NAALEH.COM Visceral Viewing By Shira Smiles

Adapted by Channie Koplowitz Stein Whenever the Torah records two seemingly unrelated ideas together, whether mitzvoth or incidents, our rabbis try to find some relationship between the two that forms a logical connection. Such is the case in Parshat Naso. We begin with the case of a woman who goes astray and her husband suspects her of adultery/ an isha sota. She is brought before the Kohen where she drinks the water into which the words of the curses that will befall her, including God’s name, have been erased. Based on her innocence or guilt, she either dies a horrible death or is blessed for her future with her husband.

RABBI WEIN ON NASSO 5778

The almost endless repetition of the gifts of the elders of the tribes of Israel, at the time of the dedication of the Tabernacle in the desert, has presented a problem to all the commentators to the Torah over the ages. Why does the Torah, that is often so sparing with words even when discussing important and eternal commandments and issues, allow itself to be so expansive and repetitive in this matter?

RABBI WEIN ON GRATITUDE

As I have often pointed out in these columns, Judaism is to be seen not only as a system of laws and commandments but, even more importantly, as a system of values and overriding attitudes. It really is the value system of Judaism that determines the application of the laws and commandments of the Torah. Without a true understanding of the underlying values and attitudes of the holy and eternal Torah, Judaism can often be misinterpreted and even distorted to represent ideas that are in reality antithetical to the Torah itself.

OU TORAH Naso 5778 By Rabbi Shalom Rosner

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YU TORAH Toronto Torah: Naso 5778

Toronto Torah for Naso 5778 is a mini-edition, with an article on the parshah, and an article on Israel as Mosaic or Melting Pot.

OU TORAH Parshas Naso By Rav Moshe Twersky, HY"D

When it comes to becoming bound by a shvuah (oath) by dint of answering amen to someone else’s utterance of the shvuah, the Rambam makes a point to say that even if the one who uttered the shvuah was a non-Jew or a child, the shvuah is binding (Hilchos Shvuos 2:1). However, when it comes to becoming bound by a neder (vow) by dint of answering amen to someone’s else’s utterance of the neder, the Rambam does not make any mention of this being the case if the one who uttered the neder was a non-Jew or a child (Hilchos Nedarim 2:1).

OU TORAH Naso: The Nesi’im – Why are They Repeated? Rabbi Menachem Leibtag

We were all taught from a young age that the Torah doesn’t ‘waste’ any words. Nevertheless, the repetition of the ‘korbanot’ of the Nesiim [the Princes (of each tribe)] in Parshat Naso certainly leaves the reader with the impression that [at times] the Torah can be very ‘wordy’. In the following shiur, as we study chapter 7, we will attempt to explain the thematic significance of that repetition – to show how the Torah’s ‘wordiness’ is not ‘wasteful’ at all.

OU TORAH Uniformity and Uniqueness By Rabbi Dr. Tzvi Hersh Weinreb

One of the interesting paradoxes of human life is our tendency to copy one another and to try to “fit in” with friends and acquaintances, while simultaneously trying to be distinct from others, and to be our “own person.” The pressures of conformity are very strong in all human societies. People who are different are often treated as outcasts. And each of us determines our behavior with an eye toward others’ opinions. We want to be part of the group, part of the crowd.

OU TORAH Lifting Heads By Britain's Former Chief Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks

The word Naso that gives its name to this week’s parsha is a verb of an extraordinary range of meanings, among them: to lift, to carry, and to forgive. Here though, and elsewhere in the wilderness years, it is used, in conjunction with the phrase et rosh (“the head”) to mean “to count.” This is an odd way of speaking, because biblical Hebrew is not short of other verbs meaning to count, among them limnot, lispor, lifkod, and lachshov. Why then not use one of these verbs? Why not simply say “count” instead of “lift the head”?

RAV KOOK ON Naso Part 2: Three Priestly Blessings

Birkat Cohanim Aaron and his descendants, the kohanim, were commanded to bless the Jewish people with three special blessings: “Speak to Aaron and his sons, saying: This is how you must bless the Israelites. Say to them: May God bless you and watch over you. May God’s Presence enlighten you and bestow grace to you. May God lift His face toward you and grant you peace.” (Num. 6:23-26) The third blessing in particular needs clarification. What does it mean when it says: יִשָּׂא ה’ פָּנָיו אֵלֶיךָ — that God will “lift His face toward you”?

RAV KOOK ON Naso Part 1: Tithes and the Sotah

The Suspected Adulteress The first ten chapters of the book of Numbers discuss the organization of the Israelites in the desert. The census, the placement of camps according to tribe, the duties of the Levites, the dedication of the Tabernacle, the inauguration of the Levites - all of these topics pertain to the preparatory arrangements needed to organize the journey of millions in the wilderness. Yet, in the middle of all of these rather technical subjects, the Torah discusses the Sotah, the suspected adulteress. What does this unfortunate story of distrust and jealousy have to do with organizing the Israelites in the desert? This topic would more naturally belong in the section on forbidden relations in Acharei Mot (Lev. chapter 18). This anomaly did not escape the Talmudic sages. Rabbi Yochanan noted that the verses immediately preceding the section on Sotah discuss the tithes given to the kohanim. “Why does the subject of the suspected adulteress immediately follow the laws of offerings and tithes for the kohanim? To teach that whoever does not hand over his tithes to the kohen, will in the end require the kohen’s services to deal with his wife.” (Berachot 63a) What is the connection between withholding tithes and a wife’s suspected infidelity?

Aneinu B"DE Injured Israeli Soldier

Baruch Dayan HaEmes. Arutz7 Funeral of Duvdevan fighter Ronen Lubarsky, killed by a marble block thrown on his head by a terrorist, held at Mount Herzl.   Contact Editor Eliran Aharon, Mount Herzl, 27/05/18 05:06   Relatives, soldiers and friends arrived on Saturday night at Mount Herzl in Jerusalem to pay their respects to Sergeant Ronen Lubarsky, a combat soldier in the Duvdevan commando unit, who was killed by a marble block that was thrown on his head by an Arab terrorist.   Lubarsky is the first Duvdevan fighter to have been killed as a result of terrorist activity. Deputy Defense Minister Rabbi Eli Ben Dahan (Jewish Home) took part in the funeral on behalf of the government.   Lubarsky was critically injured during a routine military operation on the outskirts of Ramallah, when his unit arrested members of a terror cell known to have carried out shooting attacks against civilians in Judea and Samaria.   During the Thursday night arrest, an Arab terrorist believed to be a reinforcement of the terror cell in question threw a marble block at Lubarsky’s head, crushing his helmet. Luvarski was taken to a Jerusalem hospital in critical condition, but remained unconscious and on artificial respiration before succumbing to his injuries on Saturday.   The terrorist who threw the block at his head fled the scene.  And Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu expressed his "deep sorrow" over Lubarsky’s death and added, "The security forces wileel reach the terrorist and the state of Israel will bring him to reckoning.”   Defense Minister Avigdor Liberman said, "On Saturday, we lost Duvdevan fighter Ronen Lubarsky, who was critically injured during an operation to arrest wanted persons. Duvdevan, one of our elite units, conducts nightly arrests as part of an endless war. I wish to send condolences on behalf of the entire Jewish people to the family and am closely monitoring the efforts to arrest the terrorist. We will bring justice for Ronen.”  *********************************************************

Aneinu Name Correction Please Daven

The correct name for tefillos is  Shprintza bat Leah. **************************************************************************** Please daven for an Aneinu members machutanista's mother Shpinyza bat Leah who is doing poorly.

Aneinu Please Daven

Please daven for a Chicagoan, Gittel bas Frumit, who needs rachamei shamaim

Aneinu Urgent Tefillos Needed for Soldier

Tthere has been a recent uptick in the number of terror attacks since and just before Ramadan began.  Yesterday the Duvdevan Intelligence Unit of the IDF executed a mission near or in Ramallah.  They were there to find and arrest a specific terrorist, who was part of a terror cell that had carried out more than one of these recent attacks. During the mission a concrete block was hurled from atop a three-story building hitting and mortally wounding Ronen ben Lenna (לנה), a member of that unit.  Doctors at Hadassah Ein Kerem are fighting to save his life.  Please daven and say tehillim for his recovery. A tehillim yachad read has been opened for him Click here.

Aneinu Please Daven

Please daven for an Aneinu members machutanista's mother Shpinyza bat Leah who is doing poorly.

Aneinu Please Daven New Mother in Coma

Please say Tehillim for Michal Chana bat Bluma Rut who had a baby last week. Today was the Brit. She is still unconscious in intensive care. Please daven that she have a refuah shlema and be able to raise her baby. She lives in Israel

OU HOLIDAYS YU TORAH and NAALEH.COM Propitious Prayer By Shira Smiles

Adapted by Channie Koplowitz Stein Among all our holidays, Shavuot has the unique distinction of not having any specific positive commandment associated with its observance. While Pesach has the eating of matzah, for example, and Sukkot has the lulav and etrog, we have no symbolic mitzvah associated with Shavuot. True, men have taken on the custom of being immersed in the study of Torah all night, but this is not a Torah mandate, and certainly doesn’t apply to women (although women may choose to study all night as well). Shavuot, then, is closely associated with tefillah/prayer, as prayer is the means through which we show our desire for Torah.

[Aneinu] Mrs. Shira Smiles Shavuos Message

From: L. Ravens > Sent: Thu, May 17, 2018 10:12 am Subject: Mrs. Shira Smiles Shavuos Message BS”D Please pass on to your family and friends, thank you!! Hello Ladies, I had the privilege of hearing a very special shiur from Shira Smiles this week. I asked her if I could share it with you, and she graciously said Yes, with pleasure. The details are below. In addition, I am passing along parts of a Shavuos D'var Torah that I thought you would appreciate from the Beis HaMussar Newsletter -written l'iluy nishmas the Mashgiach HaRav Rabbi Shlomo Wolbe z"l. It very much ties into the theme of Mrs. Shira Smiles invigorating Shavuos shiur. Enjoy!! Each morning in the bircas haTorah we ask Hashem, "Please make the words of Torah sweet in our mouths." Rav Wolbe (Da'as Shlomo Geulah p. 207) explains that the word "v'haarev (make sweet)" shares the same root as the word l'areiv which means "to mix." When a person partakes of something pleasurable, it blends into his very essence thereby becoming part of his physical or spiritual makeup. We daven to Hashem that we should find the study of Torah sweet and pleasurable so that all Torah learned should mix into the very fiber of our bodies and souls. One who experiences the pleasure of Torah will undoubtedly achieve the levels mentioned at the end of this bracha, "May we... know Your Name and study Torah for its sake." Since he feels the pleasure involved with learning Torah he will seek to study its words without any ulterior motives, simply for the sake of learning Torah and getting to know He Who gave us the Torah. Additionally, the enjoyment will, in turn, endow us with a large dose of love for Hashem Who gave us this most pleasurable present. Shavuos is the day that we receive the Torah anew each year. During these special days now before Shavuos, and on Shavuos, perhaps it is worthwhile to put in heartfelt prayers for ourselves, family, and Klal Yisroel that the Torah we learn should be sweet and pleasurable. This is an endeavor which has the ability to change us and elevate every single day of our lives for the better! And, the lives of our family, friends, and Klal Yisroel. To Access Mrs. Shira Smiles Shavuos shiur: Please dial: USA Phone Number: (641) 715-3900 Extension: 196578 followed by the # Gut Shabbos, Chag Sameach!! Leah

OU HOLIDAYS OU ISRAEL and NAALEH.COM Megilat Rut: Core of Chesed By Shira Smiles

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OU TORAH Vayigdal Moshe on Shavuos By Rav Mosheh Twersky HY"D

Why is the name Elokim the one which is employed for the aseres ha’dibros? Wouldn’t it have made more sense for it to have been the sheim Havayah?

RABBI WEIN ON BAMIDBAR 5778

I realize that I am making a very bad pun, but I must state that numbers really do count. The Torah takes us through the counting of the Jewish people many times and in detail. Though it may be difficult for us to understand why this should be so, the basic lesson that it teaches us is an important one for national survival. Simply put, we are being instructed that for Judaism and Jewishness to survive there must be a significant Jewish population.

RABBI WEIN ON AVOT

Both the Mishnah and Talmud are unique in their style of composition for in effect it allows the students thousands of years later to feel as though they have entered into that ancient study hall to hear the discussion of the scholars of Israel. Though most of the text of the Mishnah covers matters of law, ritual, commandments and observances, the tractate called Avot deals almost exclusively with matters of life, society and education.

OU TORAH Bamidbar-Shavuos 5778 By Rabbi Shalom Rosner

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YU TORAH Toronto Torah: Bamidbar/Shavuot 5778

Toronto Torah for Bamidbar/Shavuot 5778 includes articles on Shavuot, the Banias, Yovel and Zionism, Rabbi Ben Zion Uziel and more.

OU TORAH Bamidbar: 4 ‘Bechorim’: The Order of the Shvatim By Rabbi Menachem Leibtag

The twelve tribes are listed numerous times in Chumash, yet for some reason, each time that they are listed in Parshat Bamidbar – their order seems to change! In this week’s shiur, we attempt to explain why.

OU TORAH Introduction to Sefer Bamidbar By Rabbi Menachem Leibtag

Parshat Naso contains what appears to be a very strange progression of topics. After all, what logical connection exists between:

OU TORAH You Too Can Be a Levite By Rabbi Dr. Tzvi Hersh Weinreb

The world is indeed a stage, and we all play many roles in our lives. Some of these roles are assigned to us, leaving us with little choice but to fill them. Other roles, however, are freely chosen. For example, we are all born as children to parents. As such, we have ethical and religious responsibilities towards them. We are in the roles of children, often for much of our lives, whether we like that role or not.

OU TORAH The Two Journeys By Britain's Former Chief Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks

The books of Shemot and Bamidbar have some striking similarities. They are both about journeys. They both portray the Israelites as quarrelsome and ungrateful. Both contain stories about the people complaining about food and water. In both the Israelites commit a major sin: in Shemot, the golden calf, in Bamidbar, the episode of the spies. In both, God threatens to destroy them and begin again with Moses. Both times, Moses’ passionate appeal persuades God to forgive the people. It is easy when reading Bamidbar, to feel a sense of déjà vu. We have been here before.

RAV KOOK ON Shavuot/Yitro: A Pure Revelation

“Moses awoke early in the morning and climbed Mount Sinai.” (Ex. 34:4) The text emphasizes that Moses ascended the mountain at daybreak to receive the Torah. The Sages taught that Moses’ subsequent descent from Sinai to transmit the Torah to the people also took place at first light. “Just as his ascent was at daybreak, so, too, his descent was at daybreak” (Shabbat 86a). Why is the hour of these events so significant?

RAV KOOK ON BaMidbar Part 2: The Holiness of Sinai

Transient Holiness Our sense of holiness and closeness to God is not constant; there are times when we experience a heightened spiritual awareness. These moments reflect a transient holiness — kedushat sha’ah. Also in the life of the nation, there are special times of kedushat sha’ah. This is the central theme of Sefer Bamidbar (the Book of Numbers), which recounts Israel’s unique experien during their forty-year sojourn in the Sinai desert - a time when bread fell from the heavens and water spouted from rocks, a time of Divine protection and unparalleled prophetic revelation.

RAV KOOK ON Bamidbar Part 1: Jacob's Signs

Ancestral Signs During their sojourn in the Sinai desert, the Jewish people were instructed to encamp according to tribe: “The Israelites shall encamp with each person near the banner carrying his paternal family’s signs.” (Num. 2:2) What were these ancestral signs? The Midrash (Bamidbar Rabbah 2:8) explains that this deployment of twelve tribes surrounding the Tabernacle was in fact a 200-year-old family tradition. Once before, the Jewish people had marched through the wilderness, from Egypt to the Land of Israel. This took place when Jacob died in Egypt. Each of Jacob’s twelve sons took his place around the coffin, as they brought their father to burial in Hebron. Before his death, Jacob informed his sons where each one would stand around his coffin. The arrangement that Jacob established was the “paternal family’s signs” that would later determine the position of each tribe around the Tabernacle, as they traveled in the wilderness. Why did the tribes need separate encampments? Would not an integrated camp bring about greater national unity? And why was it Jacob who determined the tribal formations in the wilderness?

OU TORAH NAALEH.COM YU TORAH Exponential Experience By Shira Smiles

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RABBI WEIN ON BECHUKOTAI 5778

The Torah reading of this week concludes the book of Vayikra. As is obvious to all who study this book, it is primarily concerned with laws and observances and the details connected to those Divine commandments. Even though the Torah had intimated previously that the observance of these commandments was not a matter of pure recommendation or suggestion but that they were mandatory conditions for the survival of the Jewish people, the punishment for disobedience was never graphically described as it is in the Torah reading of this week.

RABBI WEIN ON BEHAR 5778

Much comment has been made over the centuries regarding the fact that the Torah introduces this week's reading by stating that its revelation took place at the mountain of Sinai. Rashi says that this is to emphasize that the Torah is of divine origin, which is represented in human terms by the mountain of Sinai.

RABBI WEIN ON DAYS IN MAY

There are times in life that one is able to see the beginning and end of an idea or movement in its entirety. When I was a child I remember vividly that the first day of May was called May Day and was the day of celebration of the proletariat Left. Fiery speeches, and loud bands, tens of thousands of marchers waving red flags all dominated the media and street of the day.

OU TORAH Bechukotai: Erchin and the Conclusion of Sefer Vayikra By Rabbi Menachem Leibtag

Considering that Sefer Vayikra is primarily a book of laws, it would certainly be appropriate to conclude those laws by explaining their reward – and that is exactly what we find in Parshat Bechukotai! Review Vayikra chapter 26 – better known as the ‘tochacha’ – noting how it describes the reward (/or punishment) for keeping (/or defying) God’s laws.

OU TORAH Behar: The Chiastic Structure of Vayikra-Shemot By Rabbi Menachem Leibtag

Shouldn’t Parshat Behar be in Sefer Shemot? After all, its opening pasuk informs us that these mitzvot were given to Moshe Rabbeinu on Har Sinai! Why then does Chumash ‘save’ it for Sefer Vayikra instead?

OU TORAH Bechukosai 5778 By Rabbi Shalom Rosner

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OU TORAH Behar 5778 By Rabbi Shalom Rosner

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YU TORAH Toronto Torah: Behar-Bechukotai 5778

Toronto Torah for Behar-Bechukotai 5778 includes articles on the parshah, Peki'in, the fallout of the Disengagement for Religious Zionists, Jerusalem, and more!

YU TORAH Behar-Bechukosai By Rabbi Moshe Soloveichik

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OU TORAH The Work-Study Program By Rabbi Dr. Tzvi Hersh Weinreb

It is quite a long time now since I first heard the term “work-study program.” This was a special federal program designed to assist young adults with limited financial means to achieve a professional education. Recipients of this grant were encouraged to continue with their jobs, to work, but were also paid to enroll in college level training courses, to study. Hence the term “work-study program.”

OU TORAH We Are What We Do Not Own Britain's Former Chief Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks

The late Maurice and Vivienne Wohl were one of the most remarkable couples I ever met. They were a study in contrasts. Maurice was quiet, introspective, reflective and reserved. Vivienne was outgoing and vivacious, a people person in the truest sense. They complemented one another perfectly: two halves of a whole.

OU TORAH In Search of the Why By Britain's Former Chief Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks

The most often quoted of all Nietzsche’s remarks – indeed one of the most quoted sentences of all in recent times – is his statement that “One who has a why to live for can bear almost any how.”[1] If life has a meaning, if our own life has a purpose, if there is a task we have yet to fulfil, then something within us gives us the strength to survive suffering and sorrow. The call of the future helps us get through the pain of the present and the trauma of the past.

RAV KOOK ON Bechukotai Part 2: Judicial Corruption

The parashah describes terrible calamities — disease, war, famine, and exile — that occur when the Jewish people abandon the Torah. According to Talmudic tradition, a primary cause for punishment is one particular offense: judicial corruption. “As a punishment for [unnecessary] delay in executing judgment, perversion of judgment, and neglect of Torah — sword and plunder increase, pestilence and famine ensue. People eat, yet remain hungry; and they eat their bread by weight.” (Shabbat 33a)

RAV KOOK ON Behar Part 2: The Hetter Mechirah for the Sabbatical Year

“When you come to the land that I am giving you, the land must be given a rest, a sabbath to God. For six years you may plant your fields, prune your vineyards, and harvest your crops. But the seventh year is a sabbath of sabbaths for the land.” (Lev. 25:1-4)

RAV KOOK ON Bechukotai Part 1: Prophetic Letters

Five Double Letters Of the 22 letters in the Hebrew alphabet, five are called ‘double letters,’ as they take on a different form when appearing at the end of a word. The five letters are Mem, Nun, Tzadi, Pay, and Chaf. When placed together as one word, they spell M-N-Tz-P-Ch.

RAV KOOK ON Behar Part 1: Jubilee - National Reconciliation

n 1751, the Pennsylvania Assembly ordered a special bell be cast, commemorating the 50th anniversary of William Penn’s “Charter of Privileges.” The Speaker of the Assembly was entrusted with finding an appropriate inscription for what later became famous as the Liberty Bell. The best expression of freedom and equality that the speaker could find was the Biblical verse describing the Jubilee year: