The Medrash (Rabbah 21:7) says that Aharon himself was allowed to go into the Kodesh Ha’Kodashim whenever he wanted, so long as he would come in b’zos, with the prescribed avodah. Only the Kohanim Gedolim who succeeded Aharon were limited to the once-a-year entry on Yom Kippur.
The Meshech Chochmah brings from the Gra a chiddush that it is because of ki b’anan eiraeh al ha’kapores. That is why there is only a heter and chiyuv for the Kohein Gadol to go in on Yom Kippur, because that is when there is ananan (of ketores). However, in the Midbar, since the anan was always by the Mishkan, Aharon had reshus to go in every day if he’ll do the avodah of b’zos (in addition to the chiyuv gamur on Yom Kippur).
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