Rav Chaim Weg
Answer: The Nesivos Hamishpat discusses a very similar case and says that shomer is not liable to pay.
He explains that an unpaid shomer is only responsible to watch an item if he accepts to guard it and is only liable to pay if he subsequently fails to properly watch the item in his care. In such a situation, however, the diamond dealer never accepted to watch the jewelry. He only allowed Reuven to put it in his safe, and the safe itself was supposed to protect it. Shimon never accepted any responsibility beyond that.
Since Shimon never accepted to be a shomer, he cannot be held responsible for anything that happened to the jewelry while it was in his safe.
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